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Why Warren Buffett And Bill Gates Love Farmland As An Investment

‘,panelEmptyTemplate=’

{emptyPanelMsg}

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{errorMsg}

‘,panelParentTemplate=”,notifOnboardPromoTemplate=”,EXPANDED_PANEL=”expanded_panel”,ERROR_PANEL=”error_panel”,NotificationView=function(){function e(n,t){classCallCheck(this,e);var i=this;i._config=n,i._panelNode=null,i._store=t}return createClass(e,[{key:”_generatePanelMarkup”,value:function(e,n){var t=this._config,i=void 0,o=void 0;”undefined”!=typeof window&&(i=window.Notification&&”default”===window.Notification.permission,o=t.promos.bypassEligibleClassCheck||hasClass(document.body,t.promos.eligibleBodyClass));var r=t.promos.enableNotifOnboard&&i&&o?notifOnboardPromoTemplate:””;if(r){var s=t.promos.showYahooLogo?””:”yns-no-logo”;r=r.replace(“{notifOnboardBtnLabel}”,t.promos.notifOnboardBtnLabel).replace(“{notifOnboardMsg}”,t.promos.notifOnboardMsg).replace(“{subscriptionTopic}”,t.promos.subscriptionTopic).replace(“{noLogoClass}”,s).replace(“{promoLogo}”,t.promos.promoLogo)}var a=n.newCount>t.panel.maxCount?n.newCount:””,c=t.panel.notificationCenterPath,l=c?””:constants.panelHideElement,d=t.panel.headerMsg?””:” “+constants.panelHideElement,u=c?constants.panelPaddingBtm:””,p=void 0;n.count?p=n.markup:p=panelEmptyTemplate.replace(“{emptyPanelMsg}”,t.panel.emptyPanelMsg);return e=e.replace(“{notifMarkup}”,p).replace(“{promoMarkup}”,r).replace(“{hideClass}”,l).replace(“{notifCenterLink}”,c).replace(“{paddingClass}”,u).replace(“{headerMsg}”,t.panel.headerMsg).replace(“{hideHeaderClass}”,d).replace(/{notificationCenterNavMsg}/g,t.panel.notificationCenterNavMsg).replace(/{newCount}/g,a)}},{key:”render”,value:function(e,n){var t=this;if(t._panelNode){var i=void 0,o=t._panelNode,r=void 0,s=void 0;switch(e){case EXPANDED_PANEL:i=panelTemplate,s=t._store.getNotifications(),r=t._generatePanelMarkup(i,s),o.innerHTML=r;break;case ERROR_PANEL:r=(i=panelErrorTemplate).replace(“{errorMsg}”,t._config.panel.errorMsg),o.innerHTML=r}n&&n()}else n&&n(new Error(“No panel parent”))}},{key:”createPanelParentNode”,value:function(e){e&&(e.innerHTML=panelParentTemplate,this._panelNode=document.getElementById(constants.panelNodeId))}},{key:”updateBadgeNode”,value:function(e){if(e){var n=this._store.getNotifications().newCount,t=this._config.badge.maxCount;if(n){var i=n>t?t+”+”:n;e.innerHTML=i}else e.innerHTML=””}}},{key:”addStyles”,value:function(e){if(e&&”undefined”!=typeof window){var n=document.getElementById(this._config.panel.styleTagId);n||((n=document.createElement(“style”)).type=”text/css”,n.id=this._config.panel.styleTagId,n.innerText=e,document.head.appendChild(n))}}}]),e}(),EXPANDED_PANEL$1=”expanded_panel”,ERROR_PANEL$1=”error_panel”,PanelController=function(){function e(n,t,i){classCallCheck(this,e);var o=this;o._store=t,o._view=i,o._config=n;var r=o._config.panel;o._panelParentNode=document.querySelector(r.parentSelector),o._badgeNode=o._config.badge.selector&&document.querySelector(o._config.badge.selector),o._indicatorNode=r.indicatorSelector&&document.querySelector(r.indicatorSelector)}return createClass(e,[{key:”createPanelParentNode”,value:function(){this._view.createPanelParentNode(this._panelParentNode),this._notifPanelNode=document.getElementById(constants.panelNodeId)}},{key:”refreshPanelNode”,value:function(e,n){var t=this;addClass(t._notifPanelNode,constants.panelLoading),t._store.fetchNotifications(e,(function(e,i){var o=window.wafer&&window.wafer.base;o&&o.destroy(t._notifPanelNode),e?t._notifPanelNode.innerHTML||(t._view.render(ERROR_PANEL$1),addClass(t._notifPanelNode,constants.panelLoading)):(t._view.render(EXPANDED_PANEL$1),t._view.updateBadgeNode(t._badgeNode),t._showBadge(),t._showIndicator(),t._view.addStyles(i.css)),removeClass(t._notifPanelNode,constants.panelLoading),o&&o.sync(t._notifPanelNode.parentNode),n&&n(e,i)}))}},{key:”resetBadge”,value:function(){var e=this;e._store.resetNewCount(),e._view.updateBadgeNode(e._badgeNode),addClass(e._badgeNode,e._config.badge.hideClass)}},{key:”_showIndicator”,value:function(){this._indicatorNode&&(this._store.getNotifications().newCount?addClass(this._indicatorNode,this._config.panel.indicatorClass):removeClass(this._indicatorNode,this._config.panel.indicatorClass))}},{key:”_showBadge”,value:function(){var e=this;e._store.getNotifications().newCount?removeClass(e._badgeNode,e._config.badge.hideClass):addClass(e._badgeNode,e._config.badge.hideClass)}}]),e}(),config={promos:{eligibleBodyClass:”display-push-promos”,enableNotifOnboard:!0,bypassEligibleClassCheck:!1,notifOnboardBtnLabel:”Notify Me”,notifOnboardMsg:”Get alerts for breaking news and top stories”,promoLogo:”https://s.yimg.com/cv/apiv2/ae/news/circle_bell.png”,showYahooLogo:!0,subscriptionTopic:”gondor_homerun_news”},badge:{hideClass:””,maxCount:5,selector:””},panel:{emptyPanelMsg:”You have no new notifications.”,errorMsg:””,headerMsg:”Notifications”,imageTag:”img:40×40|2|80″,indicatorClass:”yns-indicator”,indicatorSelector:null,maxCount:6,notificationCenterNavMsg:”View all {newCount} notifications”,notificationCenterPath:””,notificationTypes:””,parentSelector:null,styleTagId:”notificationStyles”,theme:”default”},service:{attemptCount:2,attemptDelay:1,url:null,resetUrl:null,isRMP:!1,responseType:”json”,timeout:1500}},Main=function(){function e(n){classCallCheck(this,e);var t=this;t.config=t._parseConfig(n),t._validateRequiredConfigs()&&(t._request=new NotificationRequest(t.config),t._store=new NotificationStore(t.config,t._request),t._view=new NotificationView(t.config,t._store),t._panelController=new PanelController(t.config,t._store,t._view),t._panelController.createPanelParentNode(),t._assignHelperMethods())}return createClass(e,[{key:”_parseConfig”,value:function(e){var n={};for(var t in objectAssign(n,config),n)if(n.hasOwnProperty(t)){var i=n[t],o=e[t];”object”===(void 0===i?”undefined”:_typeof(i))?objectAssign(i,o):n[t]=e[t]}return n}},{key:”_validateRequiredConfigs”,value:function(){var e=this.config;return!(!e.panel.parentSelector||!e.service.url)}},{key:”_assignHelperMethods”,value:function(){var e=this;e.helpers={refreshPanelNode:e._panelController.refreshPanelNode.bind(e._panelController),resetBadge:e._panelController.resetBadge.bind(e._panelController),resetIndicator:function(){removeClass(e._panelController._indicatorNode,e.config.panel.indicatorClass)}}}}]),e}(),notificationClient_module_min=Main,notificationClient={NotificationClient:notificationClient_module_min},CONSUMPTION_STORAGE_KEY=”lnct”,NotifClient=function(){function e(){var e,n;this.personalized=!1,this.ybarElem=document.getElementById(“ybar”),this.partnerClasses=null===(n=null===(e=this.ybarElem)||void 0===e?void 0:e.className)||void 0===n?void 0:n.match(/ybar-variant-([a-z]*)/),this.client=new notificationClient.NotificationClient(this.getConfig())}return e.prototype.refreshPanel=function(){var e,n,t,i=this,o={lastUpdate:this.getTimeStamp()||this.setTimeStamp(),loadInHpViewer:!0,includePersonalized:this.personalized},r=(null===(e=window.YAHOO)||void 0===e?void 0:e.context)||(null===(n=window.Af)||void 0===n?void 0:n.context)||{};return r.region&&r.lang&&(o.lang=r.lang,o.region=r.region),(null===(t=this.partnerClasses)||void 0===t?void 0:t.length)&&(o.partner=this.partnerClasses[1]),new Promise((function(e,n){i.client.helpers.refreshPanelNode({matrixParams:o},(function(t,i){t&&(logError(“Notification refresh error:”,t),n(t)),e(i)}))}))},e.prototype.resetBadge=function(){this.client.helpers.resetBadge(),this.setTimeStamp()},e.prototype.getConfig=function(){var e,n,t={promos:{eligibleBodyClass:”display-push-promos”,enableNotifOnboard:!0},badge:{selector:”#notif-badge”,hideClass:”ybar-notification-hidden”},panel:{emptyPanelMsg:”You have no new notifications.”,errorMsg:”Please check back later.”,headerMsg:”Notifications”,maxCount:5,parentSelector:”#ybarNotificationBody”,notificationTypes:”breakingNews”},service:{url:”/tdv2_fp/api/resource/NotificationHistory.getHistory”,isRMP:!1}},i=document.getElementById(“notification-container”),o=null===(e=null==i?void 0:i.dataset)||void 0===e?void 0:e.config,r={};if(o){“att”===(null===(n=this.partnerClasses)||void 0===n?void 0:n[1])&&(t.promos.showYahooLogo=!1);try{var s=JSON.parse(o);r=__assign({},s),this.personalized=1===s.personalize}catch(e){logError(“Notifications config parsing error”,e)}i&&delete i.dataset.config}return this.mergeConfigs(t,r)},e.prototype.mergeConfigs=function(e,n){var t=__assign({},e);for(var i in e)t[i]=__assign(__assign({},e[i]),n[i]);return t},e.prototype.getTimeStamp=function(){var e;return null===(e=window.localStorage)||void 0===e?void 0:e.getItem(CONSUMPTION_STORAGE_KEY)},e.prototype.setTimeStamp=function(){var e,n=””+Math.floor((new Date).getTime()/1e3);return null===(e=window.localStorage)||void 0===e||e.setItem(CONSUMPTION_STORAGE_KEY,n),n},e}(),notifClient=new NotifClient,getNotifClient=function(){return notifClient},reInit=function(){notifClient=new NotifClient},ybarRapid,ybarRapidInterval,ybarRapidErrMsg=””,beaconQueue=[],noop=function(){},logRapidError=function(){window.removeEventListener(“beforeunload”,logRapidError),””!==ybarRapidErrMsg&&logError(“Rapid not found on page”,new Error(ybarRapidErrMsg))},findRapidWithSpaceid=function(e){var n=void 0;if(e&&e.length>0)for(var t=0;t0){if(ybarRapid.addModules(o,!1,i),beaconQueue.length>0)for(e=0;e90&&fireImageBeacon(“performance”,e)}catch(e){}}),1e3)}))},measureInit=measure(“ybar-init”);initYbar(),measureInit.stop(),initPerformanceMetricsBeaconListener(),initRapid(),initErrorBeaconListener();var selected=”_yb_195yr”,Css$7={“right-item”:”_yb_giz2e”,selected:selected,”ybar-mod-topnavigation”:”_yb_11ijc”,”ybar-mod-topnavigation-teaser-imp”:”_yb_z11ac”},DOCUMENT_NODE_TYPE=9;if(“undefined”!=typeof Element&&!Element.prototype.matches){var proto=Element.prototype;proto.matches=proto.matchesSelector||proto.mozMatchesSelector||proto.msMatchesSelector||proto.oMatchesSelector||proto.webkitMatchesSelector}function closest(e,n){for(;e&&e.nodeType!==DOCUMENT_NODE_TYPE;){if(“function”==typeof e.matches&&e.matches(n))return e;e=e.parentNode}}var closest_1=closest;function _delegate(e,n,t,i,o){var r=listener.apply(this,arguments);return e.addEventListener(t,r,o),{destroy:function(){e.removeEventListener(t,r,o)}}}function delegate(e,n,t,i,o){return”function”==typeof e.addEventListener?_delegate.apply(null,arguments):”function”==typeof t?_delegate.bind(null,document).apply(null,arguments):(“string”==typeof e&&(e=document.querySelectorAll(e)),Array.prototype.map.call(e,(function(e){return _delegate(e,n,t,i,o)})))}function listener(e,n,t,i){return function(t){t.delegateTarget=closest_1(t.target,n),t.delegateTarget&&i.call(e,t)}}var delegate_1=delegate,ListNode=function(e){this.data=e,this.next=null,this.prev=null},LinkedList=function(){function e(){this.head=null,this.tail=null}return e.prototype.push=function(e){var n=new ListNode(e);return this.head?this.tail?(n.prev=this.tail,this.tail.next=n,this.tail=n):(this.tail=n,this.tail.prev=this.head,this.head.next=this.tail):(this.head=n,n.next=this.tail),n},e.prototype.size=function(){for(var e=0,n=this.head;n;)e+=1,n=n.next;return e},e.prototype.getHead=function(){return this.head},e.prototype.getTail=function(){return this.tail},e.prototype.get=function(e){if(e>=this.size())return null;for(var n=0,t=this.head;(null==t?void 0:t.next)&&n0&&Array.prototype.forEach.call(e,(function(e){e.onerror=function(){e.onerror=null,e.style.display=”none”}}))},fixLogoOutline=function(e,n){e&&(hideOutlineOnMouseDown(“#ybar-logo”,”#ybar-logo”,n),n.onDestroy((function(){e.classList.remove(“ybar-show-outline”),e.classList.remove(“ybar-hide-outline”)})))},logoClick=function(e,n){n&&e.addElementListener(n,”click”,(function(){e.triggerEvent(“logo-click”)}))},init$4=function(e,n){n.logoImages&&hideLogosOnError(n.logoImages),n.wrapper&&(fixLogoOutline(n.wrapper,e),logoClick(e,n.wrapper))};initModule(“ybar-mod-logo”,(function(e){var n={wrapper:document.getElementById(“ybar-logo”),logoImages:document.querySelectorAll(“.”.concat(Css$6[“logo-image”]))};init$4(e,n)}));var overlay$1=”_yb_bko44″,tooltip=”_yb_yx5i0″,tooltip__text=”_yb_1dm8w”,tooltip__voice=”_yb_bw7jd”,tooltip__web=”_yb_m9xea”,dark=”_yb_162iu”,darker=”_yb_8ih8h”,light=”_yb_12wbk”,midnight60=”_yb_1dast”,Css$5={“dropdown-open”:”_yb_1hmex”,”merchant-is-selected”:”_yb_6duow”,overlay:overlay$1,”selected-merchant-clear-button”:”_yb_h15s9″,”shops-buttons”:”_yb_1lsbm”,”styled-select”:”_yb_1sq6s”,tooltip:tooltip,”tooltip–show”:”_yb_1jmp4″,tooltip__text:tooltip__text,tooltip__voice:tooltip__voice,tooltip__web:tooltip__web,dark:dark,darker:darker,light:light,midnight60:midnight60},range=function(e,n){var t=Math.max(e,n),i=Math.min(e,n),o=Math.abs(t-i);return __spreadArray([],new Array(o+1),!0).map((function(e,n){return i+n}))},openSearchOverlay=function(e,n,t){var i=e.getConfig().bucketConfig,o=(void 0===i?{}:i).enable_search_ui,r=void 0!==o&&o;if(n.ybar){n.ybar.classList.add(“ybar-searchbox-assist-fullscreen”),document.documentElement.classList.add(“ybar-overlay”),document.body.classList.add(“ybar-overlay-noscroll”);beaconClick(“ybar”,”websrch”,””,{elm:”expand”,subsec:”searchbox”,itc:”1″}),setTimeout((function(){n.searchInput instanceof HTMLInputElement&&(t&&(n.searchInput.value=t),n.searchInput.focus(),r&&n.searchInput.click())}))}},closeSearchOverlay=function(e){var n;null===(n=e.ybar)||void 0===n||n.classList.remove(“ybar-searchbox-assist-fullscreen”),document.documentElement.classList.remove(“ybar-overlay”),document.body.classList.remove(“ybar-overlay-noscroll”),e.searchInput instanceof HTMLInputElement&&(e.searchInput.value=””,e.searchInput.blur())},initMweb=function(e,n){“smartphone”===e.getConfig().device&&(e.addElementListener(n.searchBoxPlaceholder,”click”,(function(){openSearchOverlay(e,n)})),e.addElementListener(n.searchBoxPlaceholder,”keydown”,(function(t){var i=t,o=i.keyCode,r=i.key,s=range(65,90),a=__spreadArray(__spreadArray([],range(58,57),!0),range(96,105),!0),c=__spreadArray(__spreadArray([],s,!0),a,!0).includes(o);(32===o||13===o||c)&&(t.preventDefault(),t.stopPropagation(),openSearchOverlay(e,n,c?r:””))})),n.searchBoxBackButton&&(e.addElementListener(n.searchBoxBackButton,”click”,(function(e){e.stopPropagation(),closeSearchOverlay(n);beaconClick(“ybar”,”back-close-srch”,””,{elm:”btn”,subsec:”searchbox”,itc:”1″})})),e.addElementListener(n.searchInput,”keyup”,(function(e){e.stopPropagation();27===e.keyCode&&(e.stopPropagation(),closeSearchOverlay(n))}))),e.onDestroy((function(){closeSearchOverlay(n)})))},Tooltip=function(){function e(e,n,t){n&&(this.ybar=e,this.elem=n,this.options=t,this.show=this.show.bind(this),this.hide=this.hide.bind(this),this.addEventListeners())}return Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,”tooltip”,{get:function(){var e=this;return this.tooltipMarkup||(this.tooltipMarkup=this.createTooltip(),(this.options.tooltipParentElm||this.elem).appendChild(this.tooltipMarkup),this.ybar.onDestroy((function(){var n,t;null===(t=null===(n=e.tooltipMarkup)||void 0===n?void 0:n.parentNode)||void 0===t||t.removeChild(e.tooltipMarkup)}))),this.tooltipMarkup},enumerable:!1,configurable:!0}),e.prototype.show=function(){this.tooltip.classList.add(this.options.showClass)},e.prototype.hide=function(){this.tooltip.classList.remove(this.options.showClass)},e.prototype.addEventListeners=function(){this.ybar.addElementListener(this.elem,”mouseenter”,this.show),this.ybar.addElementListener(this.elem,”focus”,this.show),this.ybar.addElementListener(this.elem,”mouseleave”,this.hide),this.ybar.addElementListener(this.elem,”blur”,this.hide)},e.prototype.createTooltip=function(){var e=document.createElement(“div”);e.className=this.options.containerClass||””;var n=document.createElement(“p”);return n.textContent=this.options.label,n.className=this.options.textClass||””,e.appendChild(n),e},e}();createCommonjsModule((function(module){(function(){var __webpack_modules__={“./src/index.js”:
/*!**********************!*
!*** ./src/index.js ***!
**********************/function(__unused_webpack_module,__unused_webpack_exports,__webpack_require__){eval(“var I18n = __webpack_require__(/*! ./lib/I18n */ “./src/lib/I18n.js”);nn(function (win, doc) {n “use strict”;nn var defaultConfig = {n uiLang: ‘en-US’,n speechLang: ‘en-US’,n voiceButton: ‘#voice-btn’,n searchBox: {n form: ‘#sf’,n input: ‘#yschsp’,n params: {n fr: ”,n fr2: ”n }n },n enable_voice_trending: false,n trending: {n market: “en-us”n },n ui: {n speechOverlay: {n disableBlur: falsen }n },n browsers: {n edge: falsen }n };nn function VoiceSearch(config) {n var self = this;n self.config = Object.assign(defaultConfig, config || {});n self.i18n = new VoiceSearch.I18n({n lang: self.config.uiLangn });n self.renderPermissionGuide(self);n self.renderSpeechPanel(self);n self.speechResult = ”;n self.noSpeech = true;n self.isRecognitionStart = false;n self.recognition = null;n self.voiceButton = doc.querySelector(self.config.voiceButton);n self.searchBoxForm = doc.querySelector(self.config.searchBox.form);n self.searchBoxQuery = doc.querySelector(self.config.searchBox.input);n self.speechPanel = doc.querySelector(‘#spch’);n self.speechButtonContainer = doc.querySelector(‘#spchbc’);n self.speechButton = doc.querySelector(‘#spchbc-btn’);n self.speechText = doc.querySelector(‘#spcht’);n self.speechOverlay = doc.getElementById(‘spch-overlay’);n self.retryLink = doc.querySelector(‘#spcht-retry’);n self.trending = doc.getElementById(‘spch-trending’);n self.trendingTerms = doc.getElementById(‘trending-terms’);n self.termSpans = doc.getElementsByClassName(“trending-term”);n self.closeButton = doc.querySelector(‘#spchx’);n self.startAudio = new Audio(‘https://s.yimg.com/pv/static/misc/voice-start-202105050733.wav’);n self.resultAudio = new Audio(‘https://s.yimg.com/pv/static/misc/voice-result-202105050733.wav’);n self.errorAudio = new Audio(‘https://s.yimg.com/pv/static/misc/voice-error-202105050733.wav’);n self.closeAudio = new Audio(‘https://s.yimg.com/pv/static/misc/voice-close-202105050733.wav’);n self.permissionGuide = doc.querySelector(‘#spchp’);n self.permissionGuideClose = doc.querySelector(‘#spchpx’);n self.permissionGuideTimer = null;nn self.onEscKeyDown = function (e) {n if (e.code !== ‘Escape’) {n return;n }nn self.recognition.stop();n self.sendBeacon(‘keybrd’, ‘voicesearch_cancel_esc’); // The clean up should put inside closePanel() instead of here,n // or func won’t be cleaned up if user close panel with btn or overlaynn self.closePanel(self);n };nn if (self.isBrowserSupported()) {n var SpeechRecognition = win.SpeechRecognition || win.webkitSpeechRecognition;n var SpeechGrammarList = win.SpeechGrammarList || win.webkitSpeechGrammarList;n var speechGrammar = ‘#JSGF V1.0;’;n self.recognition = new SpeechRecognition();n var speechRecognitionList = new SpeechGrammarList();nn if (speechRecognitionList.addFromString) {n speechRecognitionList.addFromString(speechGrammar, 1);n }nn self.recognition.grammars = speechRecognitionList;n self.recognition.continuous = false;n self.recognition.lang = self.config.speechLang;n self.recognition.interimResults = false;n self.recognition.maxAlternatives = 1;n /* Listeners */nn if (self.voiceButton) {n self.voiceButton.onclick = function () {n self.recognition.start();nn if (self.permissionGuideTimer) {n win.clearTimeout(self.permissionGuideTimer);n }nn self.permissionGuideTimer = win.setTimeout(function () {n if (!self.isRecognitionStart) {n self.showPermissionGuide(self);n }n }, 300); // Also close when pressing escnn doc.addEventListener(‘keydown’, self.onEscKeyDown);n self.sendBeacon(‘clk’, ‘voicesearch’);n };n }nn if (self.speechButton) {n self.speechButton.onclick = function () {n if (!self.isRecognitionStart) {n self.recognition.start();n self.sendBeacon(‘clk’, ‘voicesearch_panel_mic_restart’);n } else {n self.recognition.stop();n self.sendBeacon(‘clk’, ‘voicesearch_panel_mic_close’);n self.closePanel(self);n }n };n }nn if (self.retryLink) {n self.retryLink.onclick = function () {n if (!self.isRecognitionStart) {n self.recognition.start();n self.sendBeacon(‘clk’, ‘voicesearch_panel_retry’);n }n };n }nn if (self.speechOverlay) {n self.speechOverlay.onclick = function () {n self.recognition.stop();n self.sendBeacon(‘clk’, ‘voicesearch_cancel_outside’);n self.closePanel(self);n };n }nn if (self.closeButton) {n self.closeButton.onclick = functionn /*event*/n () {n self.recognition.stop();n self.sendBeacon(‘clk’, ‘voicesearch_cancel’);n self.closePanel(self);n };n }nn if (self.permissionGuideClose) {n self.permissionGuideClose.onclick = functionn /*event*/n () {n self.recognition.stop();n self.sendBeacon(‘clk’, ‘voicesearch_permission_close’);n self.closeAudio.play();n self.hidePermissionGuide(self);n };n }n /* Recognition Events */nnn self.recognition.onresult = function (event) {n // The SpeechRecognitionEvent results property returns a SpeechRecognitionResultList objectn // The SpeechRecognitionResultList object contains SpeechRecognitionResult objects.n // It has a getter so it can be accessed like an arrayn // The first [0] returns the SpeechRecognitionResult at the last position.n // Each SpeechRecognitionResult object contains SpeechRecognitionAlternative objects that contain individual results.n // These also have getters so they can be accessed like arrays.n // The second [0] returns the SpeechRecognitionAlternative at position 0.n // We then return the transcript property of the SpeechRecognitionAlternative objectn // console.log(‘Confidence: ‘ + event.results[0][0].confidence);n self.speechResult = event.results[0][0].transcript;n /* Punctuation Handling: Check last character and strip it if necessary */nn self.handlePunctuation(self);nn if (self.speechText) {n self.speechText.innerText = self.speechResult;n }nn if (self.searchBoxQuery) {n self.searchBoxQuery.value = self.speechResult;n }nn self.resultAudio.play();n win.setTimeout(function () {n if (self.speechPanel) {n self.speechPanel.classList.remove(“s2tb”);n self.speechPanel.classList.add(“s2tb-h”);n }nn self.hideRetryLink(self);nn if (self.searchBoxForm) {n var inputFr = self.searchBoxForm.querySelector(‘[name=fr]’);n var inputFr2 = self.searchBoxForm.querySelector(‘[name=fr2]’);nn if (inputFr && self.config.searchBox && self.config.searchBox.params && self.config.searchBox.params.fr) {n inputFr.value = config.searchBox.params.fr;n inputFr.disabled = false; // for homepage casen }nn if (inputFr2 && self.config.searchBox && self.config.searchBox.params && self.config.searchBox.params.fr2) {n inputFr2.value = config.searchBox.params.fr2;n inputFr2.disabled = false; // for homepage casen }nn self.searchBoxForm.submit();n }n }, 1000);n };nn self.recognition.onspeechstart = functionn /*event*/n () {// Fired when speech startsn };nn self.recognition.onspeechend = function () {n // Fired when speech endsn self.recognition.stop();n };nn self.recognition.onerror = functionn /*event*/n () {n // console.log(‘Error occurred in recognition: ‘ + event.error);n if (self.speechText) {n self.speechText.innerText = self.i18n.t(‘search.voice.recognition_error’);n }nn self.hideTrending(self);n self.showRetryLink(self);n self.errorAudio.play();n };nn self.recognition.onaudiostart = functionn /*event*/n () {n // Fired when the user agent has started to capture audio.n if (self.speechButtonContainer) {n self.speechButtonContainer.classList.add(“listening”);n }n };nn self.recognition.onaudioend = functionn /*event*/n () {n // Fired when the user agent has finished capturing audio.n if (self.speechButtonContainer) {n self.speechButtonContainer.classList.remove(“listening”);n }n };nn self.recognition.onsoundstart = functionn /*event*/n () {n // Fired when any sound — recognisable speech or not — has been detected.n self.hideTrending(self);n self.noSpeech = false;nn if (self.speechButtonContainer) {n self.speechButtonContainer.classList.remove(“listening”);n self.speechButtonContainer.classList.add(“speaking”);n }n };nn self.recognition.onsoundend = functionn /*event*/n () {n // Fired when no sound presentn if (self.speechButtonContainer) {n self.speechButtonContainer.classList.remove(“speaking”);n }n };nn self.recognition.onstart = functionn /*event*/n () {n // Fired when the speech recognition service has begun listeningn self.recognitionInit(self);n self.startRecognition(self);n };nn self.recognition.onend = functionn /*event*/n () {n // Fired when the speech recognition service has disconnected.n self.isRecognitionStart = false;nn if (self.noSpeech == false && self.speechResult == ”) {n // No match: Fired when the speech recognition can’t recognise speechn if (self.speechText) {n self.speechText.innerText = self.i18n.t(‘search.voice.recognition_nomatch’);n }nn self.hideTrending(self);n self.showRetryLink(self);n self.errorAudio.play();n }n }; // trigger onReady event when initializednnn if (document && document.dispatchEvent) {n document.dispatchEvent(new Event(‘VOICE_JS_READY’));n }n }n } // static membersnnn VoiceSearch.I18n = I18n; // instance membersnn VoiceSearch.prototype.renderPermissionGuide = function (self) {n var tmpl = “\n

\n \n
\n

\n \n

\n

\n

“.concat(self.i18n.t(‘search.voice.permission_title’), “

\n

“).concat(self.i18n.t(‘search.voice.permission_text’), “

\n

\n

\n

\n “);n var dom = new DOMParser().parseFromString(tmpl, ‘text/html’);n document.body.appendChild(dom.body.children[0]);n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.renderSpeechPanel = function (self) {n var tmpl = “\n

\n \n \n
\n
\n

\n \n \n \n \n \n \n

\n

\n

\n \n \n “.concat(self.i18n.t(‘search.voice.recognition_retry’), “\n

\n

\n

\n

\n

\n

\n “).concat(self.i18n.t(‘search.voice.trending_title’), “\n \n

\n

\n

\n “);n var dom = new DOMParser().parseFromString(tmpl, ‘text/html’);nn if (self && self.config && self.config.ui && self.config.ui.speechOverlay && self.config.ui.speechOverlay.disableBlur) {n dom.body.children[0].classList.add(‘disable-blur-overlay’);n }nn document.body.appendChild(dom.body.children[0]);n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.isBrowserSupported = function () {n var isSupported = false;n var self = this;n var isChromium = Boolean(window.chrome);n var isIOSChrome = /CriOS/.test(window.navigator.userAgent);n var isEdge = /Edg\//.test(window.navigator.userAgent);n var isLegacyEdge = /Edge\//.test(window.navigator.userAgent);n var isOpera = Boolean(window.opr);n var isBrave = Boolean(window.navigator.brave);n var browsers = [// chromen {n checkEnabled: function checkEnabled() {n return true;n },n checkBrowser: function checkBrowser() {n return isChromium && !isIOSChrome && !isEdge && !isOpera && !isBrave;n },n checkAPI: function checkAPI() {n return win && (‘SpeechRecognition’ in win || ‘webkitSpeechRecognition’ in win) && (‘SpeechGrammarList’ in win || ‘webkitSpeechGrammarList’ in win);n }n }, // edgen {n checkEnabled: function checkEnabled() {n return self && self.config && self.config.browsers && self.config.browsers.edge;n },n checkBrowser: function checkBrowser() {n return isChromium && isEdge && !isLegacyEdge;n },n checkAPI: function checkAPI() {n return win && (‘SpeechRecognition’ in win || ‘webkitSpeechRecognition’ in win) && (‘SpeechGrammarList’ in win || ‘webkitSpeechGrammarList’ in win);n }n }];nn for (var b = 0; b < browsers.length; b++) {n var browser = browsers[b];nn if (browser && browser.checkBrowser && browser.checkBrowser() && browser.checkEnabled && browser.checkEnabled(self) && browser.checkAPI && browser.checkAPI()) {n isSupported = true;n }n }nn return isSupported;n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.recognitionInit = function (self) {n // Initialize flags for checking whether user is speaking or notn self.speechResult = ”;n self.noSpeech = true;n self.isRecognitionStart = true;n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.showPermissionGuide = function (self) {n if (self.permissionGuide) {n self.permissionGuide.classList.remove(“hide”);n }n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.hidePermissionGuide = function (self) {n if (self.permissionGuide) {n self.permissionGuide.classList.add(“hide”);n }n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.getTrending = function (self) {n // Call api for trending termsn if (!self.config.enable_voice_trending || !self.trending) {n return;n }nn var url = “https://api.search.yahoo.com/data/v3/search?appid=4d234a9d&market=” + self.config.trending.market + “&features=trending.voice”;n self.ajaxReq(url, function (resBody) {n if (!resBody || !resBody.response || !resBody.response.search || !resBody.response.search.results || !resBody.response.search.results[“trending.voice”]) {n return;n }nn var terms = resBody.response.search.results[“trending.voice”].data;n self.showTrending(self, terms);n });n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.showTrending = function (self, terms) {n // params checkn if (!Array.isArray(terms) || terms.length < 3) {n return;n } // DOM checknnn if (!self.trending || !self.termSpans || !self.termSpans[0]) {n return;n }nn var trendingLabel = ”;n trendingLabel += ‘”‘ + terms[0].text + ‘”‘ + ‘, ‘;n trendingLabel += ‘”‘ + terms[1].text + ‘”‘ + ‘ ‘;n trendingLabel += self.i18n.t(‘search.voice.trending_or’) + ‘ ‘;n trendingLabel += ‘”‘ + terms[2].text + ‘”‘;n self.termSpans[0].innerText = trendingLabel;n self.trending.classList.remove(“hide”);n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.hideTrending = function (self) {n if (!self.trending) {n return;n }nn self.trending.classList.add(“hide”);n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.showRetryLink = function (self) {n if (self.retryLink) {n self.retryLink.innerText = self.i18n.t(‘search.voice.recognition_retry’);n self.retryLink.classList.remove(“hide”);n }n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.hideRetryLink = function (self) {n if (self.retryLink) {n self.retryLink.classList.add(“hide”);n }n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.startRecognition = function (self) {n self.hidePermissionGuide(self);n self.getTrending(self);n self.startAudio.play();nn if (self.speechText) {n self.speechText.innerText = self.i18n.t(‘search.voice.recognition_start’);n win.setTimeout(function () {n self.speechText.innerText = self.i18n.t(‘search.voice.recognition_listening’);n }, 2000);n }nn if (self.speechPanel) {n self.speechPanel.classList.remove(“s2tb-h”);n self.speechPanel.classList.add(“s2tb”);n }nn self.hideRetryLink(self);n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.closePanel = function (self) {n self.closeAudio.play();n win.setTimeout(function () {n if (self.speechPanel) {n self.speechPanel.classList.remove(“s2tb”);n self.speechPanel.classList.add(“s2tb-h”);n }nn self.hideTrending(self);n self.hideRetryLink(self); // clean up esc listenernn doc.removeEventListener(‘keydown’, self.onEscKeyDown);n }, 100);n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.handlePunctuation = function (self) {n if (self.speechResult.length > 0) {n var lastChar = self.speechResult.charAt(self.speechResult.length – 1);nn if (lastChar === ‘.’ || lastChar === ‘?’ || lastChar === ‘。’ || lastChar === ‘?’) {n self.speechResult = self.speechResult.slice(0, -1);n }n }n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.sendBeacon = function (actn, slk) {n var ULT = win.YAHOO.ULT || {},n SB = win.YAHOO.SB || {};nn if (ULT.beacon_click) {n var trackParams = {n _S: SB.config.i13n.spaceid,n _I: SB.config.i13n.pvid,n actn: actn,n sec: ‘search’,n slk: slkn };n win.YAHOO.ULT.beacon_click(trackParams);n }n };nn VoiceSearch.prototype.ajaxReq = function (url, callback) {n var DONE_STATE = XMLHttpRequest.DONE || 4; // for IE-compatibilitynn var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();n var responseRaw;n var response; // CORS request only for IE8/IE9nn if (doc.documentMode && doc.documentMode < 10) {n var xdr = new win.XDomainRequest();nn xdr.onload = function () {n try {n response = JSON.parse(responseRaw);n callback(response);n } catch (err) {n return;n }n };nn xhr.open(‘GET’, url);n xhr.send();n return;n } // CORS request for browers newer than IE9nnn xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {n if (xhr.readyState !== DONE_STATE) {n return;n } // handle ajax responsennn switch (xhr.status) {n case 200:n responseRaw = xhr.responseText;nn try {n response = JSON.parse(responseRaw);n callback(response);n } catch (err) {n return;n }nn break;nn default:n // non-200 status code: retry or assume failuren callback(response);n break;n }n };nn xhr.open(‘GET’, url, true);n /* aync request */nn xhr.timeout = 10000;n xhr.send();n };nn if (!win.YAHOO) {n win.YAHOO = {};n }nn if (!win.YAHOO.Util) {n win.YAHOO.Util = {};n }nn win.YAHOO.Util.VoiceSearch = VoiceSearch;n})(window, document);nn//# sourceURL=webpack://@vzmi/voicejs/./src/index.js?”)},”./src/lib/I18n.js”:
/*!*************************!*
!*** ./src/lib/I18n.js ***!
*************************/function(module,__unused_webpack_exports,__webpack_require__){eval(“module.exports = function () {n var LANG_LIST = __webpack_require__(/*! ./lang_list.json */ “./src/lib/lang_list.json”);nn var DEFAULT_LANG = ‘default’;nn var isValidLang = function isValidLang(lang) {n return LANG_LIST.indexOf(lang) !== -1;n }; // convert language strings to key-value mapnnn var buildStrMap = function buildStrMap(langStrings) {n return langStrings.reduce(function (strMap, item) {n strMap[item.id] = item.defaultMessage;n return strMap;n }, {});n };nn var I18n = function I18n(options) {n // initializen this.lang = isValidLang(options && options.lang) ? options.lang : DEFAULT_LANG;n }; // static membersnnn I18n.langMap = {};n I18n.langMap[DEFAULT_LANG] = buildStrMap(__webpack_require__(/*! ../lang/strings.json */ “./src/lang/strings.json”));nn I18n.setLangMap = function (lang, strings) {n if (lang && strings) {n I18n.langMap[lang] = buildStrMap(strings);n }n }; // instance membersnnn I18n.prototype = {n t: function t(id) {n switch (true) {n // look up target languagen case Boolean(I18n.langMap && I18n.langMap[this.lang] && I18n.langMap[this.lang][id]):n return I18n.langMap[this.lang][id];n // fallback to default stringsnn case Boolean(I18n.langMap && I18n.langMap[DEFAULT_LANG] && I18n.langMap[DEFAULT_LANG][id]):n return I18n.langMap[DEFAULT_LANG][id];nn default:n return ”;n }n }n };n return I18n;n}();nn//# sourceURL=webpack://@vzmi/voicejs/./src/lib/I18n.js?”)},”./node_modules/css-loader/dist/cjs.js!./node_modules/postcss-loader/dist/cjs.js!./src/index.css”:
/*!*******************************************************************************************************!*
!*** ./node_modules/css-loader/dist/cjs.js!./node_modules/postcss-loader/dist/cjs.js!./src/index.css ***!
*******************************************************************************************************/function(module,__webpack_exports__,__webpack_require__){eval(‘__webpack_require__.r(__webpack_exports__);n/* harmony import */ var _node_modules_css_loader_dist_runtime_api_js__WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_0__ = __webpack_require__(/*! ../node_modules/css-loader/dist/runtime/api.js */ “./node_modules/css-loader/dist/runtime/api.js”);n/* harmony import */ var _node_modules_css_loader_dist_runtime_api_js__WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_0___default = /*#__PURE__*/__webpack_require__.n(_node_modules_css_loader_dist_runtime_api_js__WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_0__);n// Importsnnvar ___CSS_LOADER_EXPORT___ = _node_modules_css_loader_dist_runtime_api_js__WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_0___default()(function(i){return i[1]});n// Modulen___CSS_LOADER_EXPORT___.push([module.id, “/* Sprites */\n#spchp.permission-guide .guide .microphone .sprite,\n#spchp .close-button,\n#spch .close-button,\n#spch .spchc .microphone,\n#spch .spchc .speaking .microphone {\n background-image: url(https://s.yimg.com/pv/static/img/voiceSearch1x-1620383531565.min.png);\n background-repeat: no-repeat;\n background-size: initial;\n color: transparent;\n}\n/* Retina displays */\n@media\n only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),\n only screen and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),\n only screen and (min-resolution: 192dpi),\n only screen and (min-resolution: 2dppx) {\n#spchp.permission-guide .guide .microphone .sprite,\n#spchp .close-button,\n#spch .close-button,\n#spch .spchc .microphone,\n#spch .spchc .speaking .microphone {\n background-size: 41px 330px;\n background-image: url(https://s.yimg.com/pv/static/img/voiceSearch2x-1620383531565.min.png)\n}\n }\n\n/* permission guide */\n#spchp.permission-guide {\n height: 100%;\n width: 100%;\n padding: 0;\n opacity: 0.9;\n background-color: #fff;\n left: 0;\n overflow: hidden;\n position: fixed;\n text-align: left;\n top: 0;\n z-index: 10000;\n transition: visibility 0s linear 0.218s, background-color 0.218s;\n}\n#spchp.permission-guide .close-button {\n background-position: 0 0;\n width: 24px;\n height: 24px;\n border: none;\n cursor: pointer;\n right: 0;\n margin: 20px;\n padding: 0;\n position: absolute;\n top: 0;\n z-index: 10;\n opacity: 0.8;\n }\n#spchp.permission-guide .close-button:hover {\n opacity: 1;\n }\n#spchp.permission-guide .guide {\n margin: 191px 0 0 507px;\n }\n#spchp.permission-guide .guide .microphone {\n height: 68px;\n width: 52px;\n border-right: 1px solid #232a31;\n float: left;\n }\n#spchp.permission-guide .guide .microphone .sprite {\n background-position: 0 -105px;\n width: 28px;\n height: 28px;\n }\n#spchp.permission-guide .guide .guide-text {\n height: 68px;\n margin-left: 24px;\n float: left;\n }\n#spchp.permission-guide .guide .guide-text .title {\n color: #232a31;\n font-size: 32px;\n font-family: HelveticaNeue-Bold;\n line-height: 28px;\n margin-bottom: 16px;\n }\n#spchp.permission-guide .guide .guide-text .text {\n color: #232a31;\n font-size: 16px;\n line-height: 28px;\n }\n#spchp.permission-guide.hide {\n display: none;\n }\n\n/* speech panel */\n#spch.spch {\n background: #fff;\n height: 100%;\n left: 0;\n opacity: 0;\n overflow: hidden;\n position: fixed;\n text-align: left;\n top: 0;\n visibility: hidden;\n width: 100%;\n z-index: 10000;\n transition: visibility 0s linear 0.218s, background-color 0.218s;\n}\n#spch.spch .close-button {\n background-position: 0 0;\n width: 24px;\n height: 24px;\n border: none;\n cursor: pointer;\n right: 0;\n margin: 20px;\n padding: 0;\n position: absolute;\n top: 0;\n z-index: 10;\n opacity: 0.8;\n }\n#spch.spch .close-button:hover {\n opacity: 1;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc {\n display: block;\n height: 97px;\n pointer-events: none;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container {\n width: 100%;\n height: 100%;\n opacity: 0.1;\n pointer-events: none;\n transition: opacity 0.318s ease-in;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .spch-control {\n display: inline-block;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .text-container {\n float: left;\n height: 91px;\n overflow: hidden;\n margin: 3px 0;\n pointer-events: none;\n width: calc(50% – 48.5px);\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .text-container p {\n display: table-cell;\n vertical-align: middle;\n width: 550px;\n height: 97px;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .text-container .spcht {\n font-weight: normal;\n color: #6e7780;\n line-height: normal;\n opacity: 0;\n pointer-events: none;\n text-align: left;\n -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;\n transition: opacity 0.1s ease-in, margin-left 0.5s ease-in, top 0s linear 0.218s;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .text-container .spcht.hide {\n display: none;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .text-container #spcht-retry {\n color: #0f69ff;\n cursor: pointer;\n pointer-events: auto;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .button-container {\n pointer-events: none;\n position: relative;\n transition: transform 0.218s, opacity 0.218s ease-in;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .button-container .button {\n background-color: #fff;\n border: 1px solid #eee;\n border-radius: 100%;\n bottom: 0;\n box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\n cursor: pointer;\n display: inline-block;\n left: 0;\n opacity: 0;\n pointer-events: none;\n position: absolute;\n right: 0;\n top: 0;\n transition: background-color 0.218s, border 0.218s, box-shadow 0.218s;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .button-container .button .microphone {\n background-position: 0 -24px;\n width: 41px;\n height: 41px;\n left: 27px;\n pointer-events: none;\n position: absolute;\n top: 27px;\n transform: scale(1);\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .button-container.listening .ripple {\n position: absolute;\n width: 136px;\n height: 136px;\n z-index: -1;\n left: 50%;\n top: 50%;\n opacity: 0;\n margin: -70px 0 0 -70px;\n border-radius: 100px;\n -webkit-animation: ripple 3.3s infinite;\n animation: ripple 3.3s infinite;\n background-color: #fff !important;\n border: 2px solid #e0e4e9;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .button-container.listening .ripple:nth-child(2) {\n -webkit-animation-delay: 1.1s;\n animation-delay: 1.1s;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .button-container.listening .ripple:nth-child(3) {\n -webkit-animation-delay: 2.2s;\n animation-delay: 2.2s;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .button-container.speaking .button {\n background-color: #0f69ff;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .button-container.speaking .button .microphone {\n background-position: 0 -65px;\n width: 40px;\n height: 40px;\n pointer-events: none;\n position: absolute;\n transform: scale(1);\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .button-container.speaking .ripple {\n background-size: 114px;\n position: absolute;\n width: 114px;\n height: 114px;\n z-index: -1;\n left: 50%;\n top: 50%;\n margin: -57px 0 0 -57px;\n -webkit-animation: speakingRipple1 2s infinite;\n animation: speakingRipple1 2s infinite;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .button-container.speaking .ripple:nth-child(2) {\n background-size: 123px;\n width: 123px;\n height: 123px;\n margin: -62px 0 0 -62px;\n -webkit-animation: speakingRipple2 2s infinite;\n animation: speakingRipple2 2s infinite;\n }\n#spch.spch .spchc .inner-container .button-container.speaking .ripple:nth-child(3) {\n background-size: 136px;\n width: 136px;\n height: 136px;\n margin: -68px 0 0 -68px;\n -webkit-animation: speakingRipple3 2s infinite;\n animation: speakingRipple3 2s infinite;\n }\n#spch.spch .spcho {\n background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgb(255, 255, 255) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 99%);\n display: block;\n min-width: 100%;\n text-align: center;\n top: 145px;\n padding-bottom: 71px;\n pointer-events: auto;\n }\n#spch.spch .spcho #spch-trending {\n -webkit-animation: fadeIn 1s forwards;\n animation: fadeIn 1s forwards;\n opacity: 0;\n }\n#spch.spch .spcho #spch-trending .trending {\n color: 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Most serious investors are at least familiar with the names Warren Buffett and Bill Gates. Buffett is the famous chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway. He’s also known as the Oracle of Omaha, one of the most successful investors of all time. Gates is the founder — along with the late Paul Allen — and former chairman and CEO of Microsoft. The Forbes Real-Time Billionaire’s list for 2022 shows Bill Gates is the fifth richest person in the world, with a net worth of approximately $111 billion, while Warren Buffett is the seventh richest, with a net worth of about $101 billion. Gates and Buffett are personal acquaintances — Gates once served on the board of Berkshire Hathaway.

One thing both Warren Buffett and Bill Gates have in common is that they both love farmland as an investment. Buffett purchased his first farm before high school in his home state of Nebraska for approximately $10,000. Gates owns over 242,000 tillable acres. It’s also reported that Buffett owns a 1,500-acre family farm in Pana, Illinois, and three foundation-operated research farms, including over 1,500 acres in Arizona and 9,200 acres in South Africa.

Why Farmland?

The early 20th Century American humorist Will Rogers once quipped, “Buy land. They ain’t making any more of the stuff.” Apparently, Buffett and Gates took Rogers’ advice seriously. For the past 30 years, the average return on farmland, adjusted for inflation, has been around 5%. That is a fairly solid investment for long-term investors, especially those who can buy and hold hundreds and even thousands of acres for the long term. Others, besides the super-rich, have also discovered this. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) reports that 30% of U.S. farmland is owned by landlords who don’t farm themselves. Such long-term investors — like Buffett, Gates and others — understand that there is no real downside but potentially substantial upside with farmland investments. This sentiment is probably truer today than it ever has been, especially because of the threats to the world’s food supply from climate change and the war in Ukraine.

Related news: Farmland investment platform AcreTrader released the results for its three fully-realized investments over the past year with annualized returns ranging from 15.4% to 30.3%.

Past Risks in Farmland Investment

There was a time, however, when investing in farmland was a fairly risky proposition. The USDA reports that

In the mid-1980s, farm prices dropped due to surpluses, inflation slowed, and demand for agricultural land decreased. These factors caused the second large decline in agricultural land values during the century. Land values dropped from $801 in 1984 to $599 in 1987, a decline of 25 percent. This sharp drop caused a great deal of hardship in the agricultural community. Many farmers and ranchers who had taken on large amounts of debt, based on inflated land values, were not able to continue operating. Agricultural land values have steadily increased since 1987 to the current average U.S. value of $1,050 per acre.

Because of what happened in the 1980s, the U.S. government has since taken as much of the risk away from agriculture as possible with its crop insurance program. Government spending for the program in 1981 totaled around $200 million, while in 2021 over $8 billion was spent. Yearly government subsidies also protect farmers from price declines and poor yields. Such subsidies cost taxpayers over $5 billion annually. More recently, over $29 billion was paid out to agricultural concerns from COVID-19 relief funds through the CARES Act, and a December 2020 stimulus bill granted agriculture an additional $13 billion.

Warren Buffet’s High View of Farmland

Warren Buffett especially believes farmland is a wise investment. Listen to what he said when he compared investments in farmland to investing in Bitcoin:

“If you said for a 1% interest in all the farmland in the United States, pay our group $25 billion, I’ll write you a check this afternoon,” Buffett said. “[For] $25 billion I now own 1% of the farmland. [If] you offer me 1% of all the apartment houses in the country and you want another $25 billion, I’ll write you a check, it’s very simple. Now if you told me you own all of the Bitcoin in the world and you offered it to me for $25 I wouldn’t take it because what would I do with it? I’d have to sell it back to you one way or another. It isn’t going to do anything. The apartments are going to produce rent and the farms are going to produce food.”

Investing like Buffett and Gates

Average investors don’t have the deep pockets of billionaires to purchase acres upon acres of farmland. An investor may be able to buy a small farm somewhere, but there would still be the issue of who would manage the property, who would plant the crops in the spring and who would harvest in the fall, not to mention the dozens of other things that would need to be done.

But the average investor can participate in farmland investing by purchasing shares of farmland or agricultural mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs) or real estate investment trusts (REITs). You can purchase these types of investments through your brokerage or retirement accounts. With a little research, you should be able to find one that meets your investment objectives.

Accredited investors also have the option to invest in farmland through investment platforms like AcreTrader with minimum investments ranging from $10,000 to $20,000 for most offerings.

Photo by vlalukinv on Shutterstock

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With a total net worth of $137 billion, Indian-born Gautam Adani’s extraordinary wealth gain in 2022 has far surpassed that of any other billionaire, many of whom have seen their fortunes drop this year, according to Bloomberg’s running tally. The world’s richest, Tesla (TSLA) Chief Executive Officer Elon Musk, has seen a loss of $18.9 billion this year to bring his fortune to $251 billion, while Amazon.com’s (AMZN) executive chairman Jeff Bezos and No. 2 on the wealthy list, has seen his fortune tumble $39 billion this year, to $153 billion. Bloomberg reported that Adani, a college dropout, vaulted into the top three on Monday, the first time a person from Asia has made it that high into the rankings.

SmartAsset

Retirement Savings vs. Real Estate Investing: Which Can Get You Richer Right Now?

The largest classes of investment for most Americans are retirement funds and real estate. Most Americans have some form of retirement savings, typically held in tax-advantaged retirement account like a 401(k). At the same time, nearly two-thirds of American households own … Continue reading → The post Should You Save for Retirement or Invest in Real Estate? appeared first on SmartAsset Blog.

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